Benzyl Alcohol Liquid

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Benzyl Alcohol (CHCHOH) is an organic compound and aromatic alcohol, often used in various industries due to its versatile properties. Here's a detailed description of Benzyl Alcohol liquid:

Chemical Identity:

Chemical Name: Benzyl Alcohol

IUPAC Name: Phenylmethanol

Synonyms: Benzenemethanol, Phenylcarbinol

Chemical Formula: CHCHOH

CAS Number: 100-51-6

Physical Properties:

Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid with a faint, pleasant, aromatic odor.

Molecular Weight: 108.14 g/mol.

Density: 1.04 g/cm at 20C.

Boiling Point: 205.3C (401.5F).

Melting Point: -15C (5F).

Flash Point: 93C (199.4F).

Vapor Pressure: 0.12 mmHg at 20C.

Solubility: Slightly soluble in water (4.1 g/100 mL at 20C); however, it is miscible in alcohol, ether, chloroform, and acetone.

pH (in water solution): 67, slightly acidic.

Chemical Properties:

Functional Group: Alcohol group (-OH) attached to a benzene ring.

Reactivity: Benzyl alcohol can undergo various reactions typical for alcohols, such as oxidation, esterification, and reduction. It can be oxidized to produce benzaldehyde or benzoin. It can also form esters when reacted with acids, and it can be reduced to produce benzyl chloride.

Stability: Benzyl alcohol is stable under normal conditions and is not highly reactive, making it safe for use in many formulations.

Uses and Applications:

Solvent: Due to its mildness and ability to dissolve a wide range of organic and inorganic compounds, Benzyl Alcohol is used as a solvent in many applications, including in the formulation of paints, coatings, adhesives, and inks.

Cosmetics and Personal Care: It is used in cosmetics, lotions, shampoos, and creams as a preservative and fragrance ingredient due to its antimicrobial properties. It is often used as a stabilizer in formulations.

Pharmaceuticals: Benzyl alcohol acts as a solvent in injectable drug formulations and topical treatments. It is also used in some intravenous and intramuscular drug preparations as a bacteriostatic agent (to prevent bacterial growth).

Antimicrobial Agent: Due to its ability to inhibit bacterial growth, it is used as a preservative in many pharmaceutical and cosmetic products, especially those with water-based formulations.

Fragrance and Flavoring: With its mild, pleasant scent, Benzyl Alcohol is used in the formulation of perfumes and food flavorings.

Intermediate in Organic Synthesis: It is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of various chemicals such as benzyl esters, benzaldehyde, and benzoic acid derivatives.

Health and Safety:

Toxicity: While Benzyl Alcohol is generally considered safe when used in appropriate concentrations, it may cause irritation if it comes in contact with skin or eyes. Ingesting large amounts can be harmful. It is toxic if swallowed in high doses and can lead to symptoms like dizziness, nausea, and headaches.

Skin and Eye Irritation: Prolonged or repeated exposure to Benzyl Alcohol can cause skin irritation or allergic reactions. It may cause mild irritation to the eyes.

Inhalation: Inhalation of high concentrations may lead to respiratory irritation and dizziness. It's best to avoid breathing in vapors for extended periods.

Carcinogenicity: Benzyl Alcohol is not considered to be a carcinogen by standard regulatory bodies like the EPA.

Regulatory Status: Benzyl Alcohol is approved for use in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals by many health authorities, including the FDA and European Medicines Agency (EMA), but there are concentration limits, particularly in products that are applied to the skin.

Precautions:

Production:

Benzyl Alcohol is commonly synthesized through several methods:

From Toluene: The hydrolysis of toluene in the presence of a strong base such as sodium hydroxide produces Benzyl Alcohol.

From Benzyl Chloride: Benzyl alcohol